Honokiol:2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enyl-phenyl)- 4-prop-2-enyl-phenol.:Introduction and Its Benefit Applications.
Contents
Common Benefits of Honokiol.:
Anti-tumorigenic activities:
Honokiol has shown pro-apoptotic effects in melanoma, sarcoma, myeloma, leukemia, bladder, lung, prostate, and colon cancer cell lines. Honokiol inhibits phosphorylation of Akt, p44/42mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and src. Additionally, honokiol modulates the nuclear factor kappa beta (NfKB) activation pathway, an upstream effector of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and MCL1, all significant pro-angiogenic and survival factors. Honokiol induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in a TRAIL-mediated manner, and potentiates the pro-apoptotic effects of doxorubicin and other etoposides. So potent is honokiol's pro-apoptotic effects that it overcomes even notoriously drug resistant neoplasms such as multiple myeloma and chronic B-cell leukemia.
Neurotrophic Activity:
Honokiol has been shown to promote neurite outgrowth and have neuroprotective effects in rat cortical neurons. Additionally, honokiol increases free cytoplasmic Ca2+ in rat cortical neurons.
Anti-thrombolytic:
Honokiol inhibits platelet aggregation in rabbits in a dose-dependent manner, and protects cultured RAEC against oxidized low density liproptein injury. Honokiol significantly increases the prostacyclin metabolite 6-keto-PGF1alpha, potentially the key factor in honokiol's anti-thrombotic activity.
Purification:
Several methods for purifying honokiol have been utilized. As honokiol exists naturally with its structural isomer magnolol, which differs from honokiol only by the position of one hydroxyl group, purification has often been limited to a HPLC or electromigration. However, methods developed in 2006 by workers in the lab of Jack L. Arbiser, took advantage of the proximity of the phenolic hydroxyl groups in magnolol, which form a protectable diol, to generate a magnolol acetonide (Figure 1), with a subsequent simple purification via flash chromatography over silica.Magnolol and Honokiol are normally inseparable. Honokiol is easily separable from the protected magnolol acetonide.
Reference:
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- 1.Honokiol:2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enyl-phenyl)- 4-prop-2-enyl-phenol.:Introduction and Its Benefit Applications.
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♣ last edit date:28th,Oct.2010.
