Rose and Rose Legend:Therapeutical Applications,History and new findings.

Contents

• Rose:Basic Botanical Info.
• Introduction of Rose.
• Rose Botanical Description.
• Rose Collection and Preparation.
• Constituents and Phytochemicals:Rose petals and Rose Oil.
• Rose as delicious vegetables.
• History and Archeology of Rose.
• Rose and Its Therapeutical Applications.
• Rose and Beauty.
• Mechanisms Study of Rose.
• Rose Oil Goodness and Perfume.
• Rose Legend: Rose and Queen's secret weapon.
• Combinations and Folk Remedies.
• Research Update:Rose.

History and Archeology of Rose.:

Rose bright, beautiful, this is the reason rose always been priased in the history. About 4,000 years ago, flower farmer, from the ordinary roses produce the first Rose. Ancient doctors used rose water treatment neurasthenia and treatment of tuberculosis using incense rose by Rose juice treat heart disease and kidney disease.

 Although the Rose was highly esteemed in the dawn of history, it does not appear that it was then submitted to the still, the method of preserving the aroma being to steep the petals in oil, or possibly to extract it in the form of a pomade. The Oleum Rosarum, Ol. rosatum or Ol. rosacetum of the Ancients was not a volatile oil, but a fatty oil perfumed with rose petals. The first preparation of rosewater by Avicenna was in the tenth century. It was between 1582 and 1612 that the oil or OTTO OF ROSES was discovered, as recorded in two separate histories of the Grand Moguls. At the wedding feast of the princess Nour-Djihan with the Emperor Djihanguyr, son of Akbar, a canal circling the whole gardens was dug and filled with rose-water. The heat of the sun separating the water from the essential oil of the Rose, was observed by the bridal pair when rowing on the fragrant water. It was skimmed off and found to be an exquisite perfume. The discovery was immediately turned to account and the manufacture of Otto of Roses was commenced in Persia about 1612 and long before the end of the seventeenth century the distilleries of Shiraz were working on a large scale. The first mention of Persian Otto or Attar of Roses is by Kampfer (1683), who alludes to the export to India. Persia no longer exports Attar of Roses to any extent, and the production in Kashmir and elsewhere in India - probably as ancient as that of Persia - practically serves for local consumption only.


 Through the Turks, the manufacture was introduced into Europe, by way of Asia Minor, where it has long been produced. It is probable that the first otto was distilled in Bulgaria, then part of the Turkish Empire, about 1690 - its sale in Europe, at a high cost, is first alluded to in 1694 - but the importance of the Turkish otto industry is of comparatively late growth, and Turkish otto is not mentioned as an article of English commerce until the beginning of the last century.

 A small amount of Otto of Roses has been produced in the South of France for at least 150 years, having been an established industry there before the French Revolution, but these earlier French ottos, almost entirely derived from R. centifolia, as a by-product in rose-water distillation, were consumed in the country itself. French roses were almost exclusively used for the manufacture of rosepomade and of rose-water, the French rosewater having the reputation of being superior in odour to any that can be produced in England. In spite of their unrivalled delicacy of fragrance, which always commanded a high place in the estimation of connoisseurs, until recent years the high price and lack of body of French ottos did not enable them to compete for general purposes with the Balkan concrete oil. When, however, Bulgaria joined the Central Empires, the French seized their opportunity, and methods of distillation were modernized, improved stills were erected and many other blooms than those of R. centifolia were experimented with, until now French otto has made itself a place in perfumery. Large plantations of roses have been laid down, and the output of otto is increasing steadily, 10,000 to 20,000 OZ. being at present the annual production. French chemists, botanists and horticulturists have studied the scientific aspect of the Rose, and in the new roses introduced, the chief object has been to improve the odour rather than the appear ance of the flower. The variety of rose mostly cultivated is the Rose de Mai, a hybrid of R. gallica and R. centifolia, bearing recurved prickles on the flowering branches. Two types are grown in the Grasse district, one more spiny than the other. They are mingled in the plantations, but the more spiny is preferred for less irrigated ground and the one with fewer thorns for wellwatered land. The bushes are planted half a metre apart, in rows one metre asunder. The first fortnight in May sees the rose harvest. The buds open gradually and are numerous, as each stalk bears a dense cluster and all the annual stems are well-covered. In the second half of May, after flowering, they are cut back and the complete pruning takes place in the following November. A rose plantation lasts from eight to ten years. Five thousand rose-trees will occupy about 1/2 acre of land and will produce about 2,200 lb. of flowers during the season. It is necessary to distil about 10,000 lb. of roses to obtain 1 lb. of oil. By the volatile solvents process a similar quantity will give anything up to 10 lb. of concrete. The rose-trees cultivated at Grasse in the last few years have been much attacked by disease, and in the opinion of some authorities the variety most grown hitherto would appear to be degenerating. The plantations are all more or less attacked by the rose rust parasite (Pragmidium subcorticium).


 In ancient China, Rose mainly used for embellishment garden, garden landscaping and living environment. Some of the roses at the same time for tea, medicine, wine, salted butter cakes and fillings done.

 Rose shows aromatic smells, and the peculiar effect, since ancient times in China's history,Jurists attaches great importance to it, many famous books such as Shi Wu Ben Cao(the Food and herbal medicine),Yao Xing Kao,Gang Mu Shi Yi,Ben Cao Zai Xin,Wei Yao Tiao Bian,Modern Pragmatical TCM both research and records. "China's traditional Rose" flower varieties,flap thickness,color purple,fresh,thick aroma of the best quality.

Ben Cao Zheng Yi noted:'Rose, the most concentrated aroma, clean and not muddy, smooth and not tough,soft liver and wake stomach, boost circulation and prompt gas flow, and with disadvantages of dry heat bitter characters, the gas pushed off drugs, the most effective aromatic various goods, even without his horse.'

Ben Cao Zheng Yi

Shi wu Ben Cao noted:'rose main for benefit spleen and lung,benefit liver and bile,drive evil,taste aromatic and sweet,amazing.'

Shi wu Ben Cao

Reference:

• 1.Rose and Rose Legend:Therapeutical Applications,History and new findings.

This article written and edited via herbalist of MDidea Extracts Professional. They run a range of online descriptions about this herb,including general information related and summarized updating discoveries from findings of professional scientisits this field related.Describe style aimed to form a useful detecting literature space where the intertwined threshold and related questions raise out and visualize themselves.

♣ last edit date:27th,Oct.2010.